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EducationBook Preview| Cradle of Civilization |
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| * Ancient Africa was known as: Ethiopia, Cush, & Nubia -- i.e.--as "the land of black gods." |
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| Who were the original people ? |
THE CRADLE OF CIVILIZATION ... LEARN MORE ABOUT THE ORIGINSOF OUR MODERN SOCIETY... GET A COPY OF A BOOKLET ABOUT-- ANCIENT EGYPT: "Black Seeds of Civilization" BUY VIA PAYPAL GET ORDERING INFO --- www.success-secrets.ws/page7.html VISIT THIS WEBSITE FOR MORE DETAILS. =====================================  ..History of Ancient AfricaWas this the place of creation - the Garden of Eden? The Nubians are believed to be the first human race on earth, and most of their customs and traditions were adopted by the ancient Egyptians. The first continuous agricultural tradition in Africa, the Sudanese-Saharan Neolithic, developed almost ten thousand years ago in country west of Nubia Long before the Europeans (Whites) began to have any forms of civilization, the black African people had created cultures,and built thriving cities. To the Greeks, they were known as --Ethiopians and Nubia as "the land of gods." Nubia is the homeland of Africa's earliest black culture with a history which can be traced from 3100 BC onward through Nubian monuments and artifacts, as well as written records from Egypt and Rome. The history of the Nubians is closely linked with that of ancient Egypt. Nubia was also called - Upper & Lower Nubia, Kush, Land of Kush, Te-Nehesy, Nubadae, Napata, or the Kingdom of Meroei. Wealth and exotic products came from there. It was the home of the Ethiopians. The region referred to as Lower Egypt is the northernmost portion. Upper Nubia extends south into Sudan, near the Red Sea, and can be subdivided into several separate areas such as Batn El Hajar or "Belly of Rocks", the sands of the Abri-Delgo Reach, or the flat plains of the Dongola Reach. Nubia, the hottest and most arid region of the world, has caused many civilizations to be totally dependent on the Nile for existence. ROOTS FROM OTHER PLANETS??? Many authors & scholars who have studied these ancient societies believe strongly that HIGH EVOLVED (advanced) beings from other planets migrated there and helped these Nubians (Kushites & people of ancient Egypt) to build the "wonders of the world"-- Pyramids. Said beings also taught their SPIRITUAL PRINCIPLES and other beliefs to the Earthlings. REFENCE BOOKS such as: "Chariots of the Gods"...by Erich von Däniken ...NAMES: Originally, the land that we know of now as “Egypt” --first was created in “Nubia.” In the Bible it is called Cush (Kush). Later they used the name “Kemet” --following the merger of Nubia and Egypt. All of these names (Kush, Kemet, Nubia) mean: “land of black people.” The regions of Nubia, Sudan and Egypt are considered by some to be the cradle of civilization. The actual borders of Nubia have shifted over time, and peoples of Nubia has formed several kingdoms and civilizations. Some of Africa's greatest civilizations emerged here, centers of achievement whose existence was based on industry and trade. Because they did not write their own languages until very late in ancient times, we know these centers and their people largely through their archaeology and what the Egyptians and Greeks said about them. Historically Nubia has been a nucleus of diverse cultures. It has been the only occupied strip of land connecting the Mediterranean world with "tropical" Africa. Thus, this put the people in close and constant contact with its neighbors for long periods of history and Nubia was an important trade route between sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world. Its rich material culture and tradition of languages are seen in archaeological records. The most prosperous period of Nubian civilization was that of the kingdom of Kush, which endured from about 800 BC to about 320 AD. During this time, the Nubians of Kush would at one point, assume rule over all of Nubia as well as Upper and Lower Egypt. Today the term Nubian has become inclusive of Africans, African Arabs, African Americans and people of color in general. ...The Kingdom of Kush Despite the Egyptian presence in upper Nubia, the indigenous culture of the region continued to flourish. This culture was deeply influenced by African peoples in the south and was little changed by the proximity of Egyptian garrisons or the imports of luxury articles by Egyptian traders. Indeed, the Egyptianization of Nubia appears to have actually been enhanced during the decline in Egypt's political control over Nubia in the Second Intermediate Period (c. 1630-1540 BC), when Nubians were employed in large numbers as mercenaries against the Asian Hyksos invaders of Egypt.  *****************************Egypt under Nubian(Kushite) Rule: "..About thirteen years later Piye's successor Shabaqo invaded Egypt again and brought the whole country firmly under Kushite control. They ruled both Egypt and Kush jointly for about fifty years, bringing much-needed peace and stability.” ~ John Taylor, "Egypt and Nubia," The British Museum, 1991. *******************************Around 1550 b.c., the power of the Egyptian pharaohs began to rise dramatically. The pharaohs of the Theban kingdom expelled the foreign rulers of the northern Hyksos kingdom from Egypt. After this, they turned their attention once again southward to Nubia. The Egyptian armies began campaigning in Nubia and tried to place it under control. This was not an easy process because the Kerma kings were powerful opponents. It took almost a century of military campaigns against the kingdom of Kush before Lower and Upper Nubia came completely under Egyptian control; Southern Nubia always remained independent. ...TEMPLES:Most archaeology of the early Kush is found south of the Second Cataract, especially at the great capital at Kerma, with its central temples In Nubia and Sudan, Kush continued to be a major state for a thousand years. During the Colonial Period the Egyptians set up many temples in Nubia. Temples were a very important part of Egyptian culture. Egyptian temples were given grants of land that were used to support people who ran the temples. In Nubia land was granted to both temples located in Egypt and temples the Egyptians built in Nubia itself. Perhaps the most famous temple built by an Egyptian is at Abu Simbel. This temple was built around 1300 b.c. by the pharaoh Ramesses II. ...HEALTH & MEDICINES:The ancient Africans first used natural remedies (herbs, roots & bark) to treat sicknesses and pain. They also developed methods of surgery and embalming. ...WOMEN:Women and men in ancient Egypt were treated equally. Women were respected for their motherly and reproductive roles and central to the sustenance of society. Women loved to adorn themselves in beautiful jewelry and clothing. ...LANGUAGE:The Egyptian alphabet was a visual one, based on symbols which each have a picture that represented a sound. It was based on 42 hieroglyphics, some of which were used interchangably. This written language was formed around 3100 BCE, the same time the Pharaohs began to rule. ...Ancient Egyptian's Worldview: Religion represented the deification of a people's cultural experience, politics and political power control intent. --------------------------------The Greek historian Herodotus (500 BCE) stated-- "Of all the nations of the world, the Egyptians are the happiest, healthiest and most religious." --------------------------------The Egyptian's view of the world was the exact opposite of the current modern Western philosophy. Their entire culture, philosophy and civilization was based upon their spiritual views and beliefs. To the Egyptian, the top of the world was in the south (upper) towards the African interior, the bottom (lower) towards the north, hence upper and lower Egypt; upper and lower Syria. Under the philosophical and spiritual teachings and belief system of ancient Kemet (Egypt), numbers played a significant role. Christianity did not influence the ancient Nubians or Egyptians until approx. 600 A.D. By 1400, Christian Nubia had disappeared. Nubians are now virtually all Moslem. ...RELIGIOUS PRACTICES:According to the Egyptian philosophy, man is born mortal but contains within himself the seed of the divine. His purpose in this life is to nourish that seed, and his reward, if successful, is eternal life, where he will reunite with his divine origin. Ancient Egyptians practiced a form of religion that we now refer to as "metaphysical" -- in modern terms. They believed in an "afterlife"-- and their beliefs also influenced many of the world's modern religions. Ancient Egypt was not based on a set of strict religious beliefs, their ideology consisted of regular "practices," duties performed to maintain the favor of the gods. Every Egyptian creation text begins with the same basic belief that before the beginning of things, there was a liquidy primeval abyss—everywhere, endless, and without boundaries or directions. ...RACIAL CHARACTERISTICS:Much controversy has been generated over the “racial” characteristics of the ancient Egyptians. Caucasians (white people) historians, archeologists, explorers, ministers, etc. have tried to re-tell and distort the true story of -- ‘THE CRADLE OF CIVILIZATION’ by painting the people white -- making them look like Caucasians. There have been several incidents where White (European) explorers committed fraud and falsely claimed to find statues, busts, and other artifacts of white people in the Egyptian tombs. It was later discovered that some of the European archeologists and scholars purposefully created fake artifacts in order to show that the Egyptians were "not black." ---------------------------------  However, pictures do speak a thousand words…and from reviewing authentic drawings, statutes, paintings, and art from Egypt depict the people as-- “black and brown.”… (18th - 11th c. B.C.) --------------------------------- "One Picture is worth more than ten thousand words." - Chinese Proverb ================================== ...Recommended Reading:* Akbar, Naim (Dr.), Light from Ancient Egypt; Mind Productions. * Ben-Jochannan, Yosef, "Abu-Simbel to Gizeh" * Browder, Anthony, "Nile Valley Contributions to Civilization" * Diop, Cheikh Anta, "Civilization or Barbarism" * Diop, Cheikh Anta, "The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality" * Finch, Charles S., "Echoes of the Old Darkland" * Hamilton, Paul L., "African Peoples Contributions to World Civilization" * Hilliard, A.G., Williams, L., and Damali, N., "The Teachings of Ptah Hotep" * Jackson, John G., "Introduction to African Civilization" * James, George G.M., "Stolen Legacy" * Karenga, Maulana, "The Book of Coming Forth by Day" * Karenga, Maulana, "Reconstructing Kemetic Culture" * Karenga, Maulana, "Selections from the Husia" * Timothy Kendall, "Kingdom of Kush," National Geographic Magazine, November 1990. * Nantambu, Kwame, "Egypt and Afrocentric Geopolitics" * Rodney, Walter; "How Europe Underdeveloped Africa" * John Taylor, Egypt and Nubia; The British Museum, 1991. * Torgny Säve-Söderbergh, Temples and Tombs of Ancient Nubia, Thames 1987. * Van Sertima, Ivan (editor), "Egypt Revisited" * Steffen Wenig (editor), "Africa in Antiquity," 2 volumes, The Brooklyn Museum, 1978. * William Adams, Nubia: Corridor to Africa, Princeton, 1977. * Williams, Chancellor, "Destruction of Black Civilization" ======================================= FOR MORE INFO ON BLACK HISTORY, VISIT "The True History Museum" http://mypages.blackvoices.com/museum |
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 ...AFRICAN HISTORYPRIOR TO 1492--- The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was only a part of the terrible havoc that White Europeans reaked upon the Black African peoples. Christopher Columbus' voyage to the Americas in 1492 is celebrated by some as a "great discovery." However, his voyage also marked the beginning of a bad "nightmare" for millions of black Africans, who became victims of greedy slave-traders. Whites who went to Africa committed numerous acts against the dark-skinned natives of Africa, including telling lies about them, trying to "whiten up" the history, and generally destroying the great accomplishments of the Black people. Europeans also spread rumors, wrote books & reports that degraded, demeaned and stereotyped the Black people--as being dumb, lazy, uncivilized, and worse. Contrary to popular belief, Africa was a highly developed continent at one time. People in Africa worked at making tools, art, music, leatherworks, and iron. Africa was a highly developed land for its time prior to the onslaught of the European invasion and the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade. Three great African Empires arose in West Africa between 500 and 1600 AD---they were: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. There were at least 15 major kingdoms on the African continent prior to the 1500's. Some of these great kingdoms included: * Ashanti Kingdom --(1695-1901) * Kingdom of Mali--(1200-1500) * Songhai Empire --(1464-1591) * Kingdom of Cush--(1000 BC - 350 AD) Timbuktu rose to its highest level of development during the Songhai Empire between 1493 and 1529, under Askia Muhammad. During this time, the University of Timbuktu produced more than forty books---on subjects such as: THEOLOGY, MATHEMATICS, LOGIC, etc. WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT BLACK HISTORY? BE SURE TO GET A COPY OF THE BOOK: "Middletown Roots" by Melvia Miller Learn more by visiting this website: http://www.authorsden.com/melviafmiller  WATCH VIDEOS -- www.freewebs.com/black-legacy You could win valuable prizes. |
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